Contents
1. Program to Simple Function
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void show( int x ); // Function Declaration/Prototype
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a = 10;
show(a); // Calling of Function
getch();
}
void show( int x ) // Function Definition
{
cout << "\n x = " << x;
}
Output:
x = 10
2. Program to calculate Simple Interest using Function ( No Argument and No Return Value )
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void Simp_Int();
void main()
{
clrscr();
Simp_Int();
getch();
}
void Simp_Int()
{
float p, r, t, si;
cout << " Enter Principal, Rate and Time : ";
cin >> p >> r >> t;
si = ( p * r * t ) / 100;
cout << "\n Simple Interest = " << si;
}
Output:
Enter Principal, Rate and Time : 1000 10 3
Simple Interest = 300
3. Program to calculate Simple Interest using Function ( No Argument but Return Value )
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
float Simp_Int();
void main()
{
clrscr();
float si;
si = Simp_Int();
cout << "\n Simple Interest = " << si;
getch();
}
float Simp_Int()
{
float p, r, t, si;
cout << " Enter Principal, Rate and Time : ";
cin >> p >> r >> t;
si = ( p * r * t ) / 100;
return si;
}
Output:
Enter Principal, Rate and Time : 1000 10 3
Simple Interest = 300
4. Program to calculate Simple Interest using Function ( Argument but No Return Value )
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void Simp_Int( float, float, float );
void main()
{
clrscr();
float p, r, t;
cout << " Enter Principal, Rate and Time : ";
cin >> p >> r >> t;
Simp_Int( p, r, t );
getch();
}
void Simp_Int( float p, float r, float t)
{
float si;
si = ( p * r * t ) / 100;
cout << "\n Simple Interest = " << si;
}
Output:
Enter Principal, Rate and Time : 1000 5 3
Simple Interest = 150
5. Program to calculate Simple Interest using Function ( Argument and Return Value )
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
float Simp_Int( float, float, float );
void main()
{
clrscr();
float p, r, t, si;
cout << " Enter Principal, Rate and Time : ";
cin >> p >> r >> t;
si = Simp_Int( p, r, t );
cout << "\n Simple Interest = " << si;
getch();
}
float Simp_Int( float p, float r, float t)
{
float si;
si = ( p * r * t ) / 100;
return si;
}
Output:
Enter Principal, Rate and Time : 1000 10 5
Simple Interest = 500
6. Program to Eliminate Function Declaration with Function
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
// Eliminating declaration.
void show( int x )
{
cout << "\n x = " << x;
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a = 10;
show(a);
getch();
}
Output:
X = 10
7. Program to explain Call By Value
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void cube(int);
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a = 10;
cube(a);
cout << "\n a = " << a << endl;
getch();
}
void cube(int x)
{
x = x * x * x;
cout << "\n x = " << x << endl;
}
Output:
x = 1000
a = 10
8. Program to explain Call By Reference.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void cube(int&);
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a = 10;
cube(a);
cout << "\n a = " << a << endl;
getch();
}
void cube(int &x)
{
x = x * x * x;
cout << "\n x = " << x << endl;
}
Output:
x = 1000
a = 1000
9. Program to explain Call By Address/Pointer
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void cube(int*);
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a = 10;
cube(&a);
cout << "\n a = " << a << endl;
getch();
}
void cube(int *pa)
{
*pa = (*pa) * (*pa) * (*pa);
cout << "\n *pa = " << *pa << endl;
}
Output:
*pa = 1000
a = 1000
10. Program to find Factorial of given Number
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
long fact(long);
void main()
{
clrscr();
long n, f;
cout << " Enter the Number : ";
cin >> n;
f = fact(n);
cout << "\n Factorial = "<< f;
getch();
}
long fact(long a)
{
long f = 1;
int i;
for( i=1 ; i<=a ; i++ )
{
f = f * i;
}
return f;
}
Output:
Enter the Number : 5
Factorial = 120
11. Program to calculate Factorial using Recursion
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
long fact(int);
void main()
{
clrscr();
int n;
cout << " Enter any Number : ";
cin >> n;
long f = fact(n);
cout << " Factorial = " << f ;
getch();
}
long fact(int a)
{
if(a == 1)
return 1;
else
return (a * fact(a-1));
}
Output:
Enter any Number : 5
Factorial = 120
12. Program to find nth power of x using Recursion
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
int power(int, int);
void main()
{
clrscr();
long x, n, p;
cout << " Enter the Base : ";
cin >> x;
cout << " Enter the Exponent/Power : ";
cin >> n;
p = power(x, n);
cout << n << "th power of << x << " is = " << p;
getch();
}
int power(int x, int n)
{
if(n == 0)
return 1;
else
return x * power(x, n-1);
}
Output:
Enter the Base : 5
Enter the Exponent/Power : 4
4th power of 5 is = 625
13. Program to find nth term of Fibonacci Series using Recursion
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
int fibo(int);
void main()
{
clrscr();
int n, t;
cout << " Enter term number : ";
cin >> n;
t = fibo(n);
cout << n << "th term of Fibonacci series is = " << t;
getch();
}
int fibo(int n)
{
if( n==0 || n==1 )
return n;
else
return fibo(n-1) + fibo(n-2);
}
Output:
Enter term number : 4
4th term of Fibonacci series is = 3
14. Program to pass 1-D Array to Function
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <iomanip.h>
const int SZ = 5;
void display( int a[SZ] );
void main()
{
clrscr();
int ar[SZ], i;
for( i=0 ; i<SZ ; i++ )
{
cout << " Enter Value : ";
cin >> ar[ i ];
}
display( ar );
getch();
}
void display( int a[SZ] )
{
cout << "\n Values are : ";
for( int i=0 ; i<SZ ; i++ )
{
cout << setw(3) << a[ i ];
}
}
Output:
Enter Value : 10
Enter Value : 20
Enter Value : 30
Enter Value : 40
Enter Value : 50
Values are : 10 20 30 40 50
15. Program to pass 2-D Array to Function
#include <iostream.h>
#include <iomanip.h>
#include <conio.h>
void display( int[2][3] );
void main()
{
clrscr();
int ar[2][3] = { { 10, 20, 30 },
{ 40, 50, 60 } };
display( ar );
getch();
}
void display( int a[2][3] )
{
int i, j;
cout << "\n Matrix-A: \n";
for( i=0 ; i<2 ; i++ )
{
for( j=0 ; j<3 ; j++ )
{
cout << setw(5) << a[ i ][ j ];
}
cout << endl;
}
}
Output:
Matrix-A:
10 20 30
40 50 60
16. Program to explain inline Function
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
inline float lbstokg( float pounds )
{
return 0.453592 * pounds;
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
float lbs;
cout << "\n Enter your weight in pounds : ";
cin >> lbs;
cout << " Your weight in kilogram is = " << lbstokg( lbs );
getch();
}
Output:
Enter your weight in pounds : 120
Your weight in kilogram is = 54.431042
17. Program to explain Inline Function with Constant Argument
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
const float PI = 3.1415926;
inline float area( const float r )
{
return ( PI * r * r );
}
main()
{
clrscr();
float radius;
cout << "\n Enter the radius of a circle : ";
cin >> radius;
cout << "\n The area of circle is " << area( radius );
getch();
return 0;
}
Output:
Enter the radius of a circle : 10
The area of circle is 314.159241
18. Program to explain Constant Argument to function
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void show(const int);
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a = 10;
show(a);
cout << "\n a = " << a;
getch();
}
void show( const int b )
{
// b = 20; // can't be changed.
cout << "\n b = " << b;
}
Output:
b = 10
a = 10
19. Program to explain Function Overloading
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
float Simp_Int( float, float, float );
float Simp_Int( float, float );
float Simp_Int( float );
float Simp_Int( );
void main()
{
clrscr();
float p, r, t, si;
si = Simp_Int( 2000, 15, 2 );
cout << "\n Simple Interest = " << si;
si = Simp_Int( 2000, 15 );
cout << "\n Simple Interest = " << si;
si = Simp_Int( 2000 );
cout << "\n Simple Interest = " << si;
si = Simp_Int( );
cout << "\n Simple Interest = " << si;
getch();
}
float Simp_Int( float p, float r, float t)
{
float si;
si = ( p * r * t ) / 100;
return si;
}
float Simp_Int( float p, float r )
{
float si;
si = ( p * r * 3 ) / 100;
return si;
}
float Simp_Int( float p )
{
float si;
si = ( p * 10 * 3 ) / 100;
return si;
}
float Simp_Int( )
{
float si;
si = ( 1000 * 10 * 3 ) / 100;
return si;
}
Output:
Simple Interest = 600
Simple Interest = 900
Simple Interest = 600
Simple Interest = 300
20. Program to explain Returning By Reference.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
int &min( int &a, int &b )
{
if (a < b)
return a;
else
return b;
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
int x = 10, y = 20;
cout << "\n x =" << x << ", y = " << y;
min( x, y ) = 100;
cout << "\n x =" << x << ", y = " << y;
getch();
}
Output:
x =10, y = 20
x =100, y = 20
21. Program to Merge Two Array using Function
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void Merge( int [ ], int, int[ ], int, int[ ] );
void main()
{
clrscr();
int A[50], B[50], C[100], MN = 0, M, N;
cout << "\n Enter Number of Elements in First Array : ";
cin >> M;
cout << "\nEnter First Array elements [ASCENDING] : ";
for( int i=0 ; i<M ; i++ )
{
cin >> A[i];
}
cout << "\n\nEnter Number of Elements in Second Array : ";
cin >> N;
cout << "\nEnter Second Array elements [ASCENDING] : ";
for( i=0 ; i<N ; i++ )
{
cin >> B[i];
}
MN = M + N;
Merge(A, M, B, N, C);
cout << "\n\nThe Sorted Array After Merging is:\n";
for( i=0 ; i<MN ; i++ )
{
cout << C[i] << " ";
}
getch();
}
void Merge( int A[ ], int M, int B[ ], int N, int C[ ] )
{
int a, b, c;
for( a=0, b=0, c=0 ; a<M && b<N ; )
{
if( A[a] < B[b] )
C[c++] = A[a++];
else
C[c++] = B[b++];
}
if( a < M )
{
while( a < M )
C[c++] = A[a++];
}
else
{
while( b < N )
C[c++] = B[b++];
}
}
Output:
Enter Number of Elements in First Array : 4
Enter First Array elements [ASCENDING] : 10 40 50 80
Enter Number of Elements in Second Array : 5
Enter Second Array elements [ASCENDING] : 20 30 60 70 90
The Sorted Array After Merging is:
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
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